Arbaeen (Chehlum)

Arbaeen, also known as Chehlum, falls 40 days after Ashura and marks the end of the mourning period for Imam Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, who was martyred in the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE. It is one of the largest religious gatherings in the world, especially in Karbala, Iraq, where millions of pilgrims walk to Imam Hussain’s shrine.

Arbaeen in India

While the largest observance happens in Karbala, Iraq, Arbaeen is also observed in India, particularly in Shia-majority regions, through Majlis (sermons), mourning processions, and prayers.

Major Arbaeen Observances in India

1. Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh – A key center for Shia Muslims, with large Majlis gatherings and mourning rituals.

2. Hyderabad, Telangana – The Bibi Ka Alam procession continues from Muharram until Arbaeen.

3. Mumbai, Maharashtra – Dongri and Bhendi Bazaar host large processions.

4. Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir – Despite restrictions, Shia communities observe Arbaeen with sermons and mourning rituals.

5. Kolkata, West Bengal – The city has Taziya processions and Majlis gatherings.

6. Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh – The city’s Shia community organizes mourning processions and food distribution.

Rituals & Traditions

• Majlis (Sermons) – Religious leaders recount the tragedy of Karbala and the significance of Imam Hussain’s sacrifice.

• Mourning Processions – Shia Muslims march in black attire, reciting elegies.

• Matam (Self-Flagellation) – Some devotees perform chest-beating (Sinzani) and Zanjeer Matam (whipping with chains) as an expression of grief.

• Charity & Food Distribution – Free meals (Niyaz) are distributed in remembrance of the suffering of Imam Hussain and his followers.

• Ziyarat Arbaeen – Recitation of a special prayer honoring Imam Hussain.

Public Holiday & Travel Insights

• Arbaeen is not a public holiday in India, but it is widely observed in Shia Muslim communities.

• Tourists can witness processions in cities like Lucknow, Hyderabad, and Mumbai, but should be respectful as it is a solemn occasion.

• Photography should be done cautiously, especially during Matam rituals.