Onam

Onam is a ten-day-long festival that blends agrarian traditions, mythology, and cultural expression. It commemorates the mythical King Mahabali, under whose reign Kerala was believed to have prospered, and whose annual visit is celebrated with devotion and joy. The festival showcases Kerala’s cultural richness through vibrant rituals, traditional arts, and community participation. Key highlights include the grand Onam Sadhya (a lavish vegetarian feast served on banana leaves), Pookalam (floral carpet decorations), Vallam Kali (snake boat races), Pulikali (tiger dance), Kathakali performances, and temple rituals. Each day from Atham to Thiruvonam has specific observances, making Onam both a religious and cultural festival. Beyond Kerala, Onam has become a global celebration of Malayali identity.

Day-wise Rituals

1. Atham – Marks the beginning of Onam. The first Pookalam (floral carpet) is laid with a small design that grows in size each day. Temples and homes begin the celebrations.

2. Chithira – More flowers are added to the Pookalam. House cleaning and decorations begin in full swing.

3. Chodhi – Families start shopping for new clothes, gifts, and festival essentials. Pookalams grow more elaborate.

4. Vishakam – Traditional Onam markets (Onachanda) open, and people buy ingredients for the grand feast.

5. Anizham – The day of Vallam Kali (snake boat races), especially famous in the Kuttanad region.

6. Thriketa – Cultural programs, traditional art forms, and temple festivities intensify. Families also visit relatives.

7. Moolam – Small versions of Onam Sadhya (feast) begin at homes and temples. Kathakali and Pulikali performances are staged.

8. Pooradam – Clay pyramids called Onathappan (symbolizing Mahabali and Vamana) are placed in courtyards and worshipped.

9. Uthradam – Known as First Onam, this is the penultimate day when households stock up for the next day’s grand feast. It is believed King Mahabali starts his journey to visit Kerala.

10. Thiruvonam – The main and most auspicious day. Homes are decorated, elaborate Pookalams are completed, and the lavish Onam Sadhya with up to 26 dishes is served on banana leaves. Cultural activities, boat races, and temple rituals mark the day. It symbolizes prosperity, unity, and joy.